The Most Overlooked Tax Deductions
MSN Money Tax
Monday 29 February 2016
Saturday 27 February 2016
Thursday 25 February 2016
Wednesday 24 February 2016
Sunday 21 February 2016
Friday 19 February 2016
R gtable Package (Top,Bottom,Left and Right Extent)
Cited from Index Position in the gtable
"tlrb" refers to the index position in the gtable (think of it as a matrix): t=2, b=5 means that the grob will be placed from the second to the fifth row (inclusive).
"tlrb" refers to the index position in the gtable (think of it as a matrix): t=2, b=5 means that the grob will be placed from the second to the fifth row (inclusive).
R Grid Coordinates
Cited from grid Graphics
Each viewport has a number of coordinate systems available. There are four main types: absolute coordinates (e.g.,"inches", "cm") allow locations and sizes in terms of physical coordinates -- there is no dependence on the size of the page; normalised coordinates (e.g., "npc") allow locations and sizes as a proportion of the page size (or the current viewport); relative coordinates (i.e.,"native") allow locations and sizes relative to a user-de ned set of x- and y-ranges; referential coordinates (e.g., "strwidth") where locations and sizes are based on the size of some other graphical object.
Each viewport has a number of coordinate systems available. There are four main types: absolute coordinates (e.g.,"inches", "cm") allow locations and sizes in terms of physical coordinates -- there is no dependence on the size of the page; normalised coordinates (e.g., "npc") allow locations and sizes as a proportion of the page size (or the current viewport); relative coordinates (i.e.,"native") allow locations and sizes relative to a user-de ned set of x- and y-ranges; referential coordinates (e.g., "strwidth") where locations and sizes are based on the size of some other graphical object.
R Grid Package Introduction
Cited from the paper "Fun with the R Grid Package"
By default, the coordinates of the lower left corner of a viewport are (0, 0), and the upper right corner has coordinates 1.
upViewport(2)
The argument in brackets determines the number of generations to move up the viewport tree.
The use of col=NA prevents the outlines from being drawn.
The clip="on" makes it possible to “spill” an graphic object outside the viewport region.
Two ways to interact with a grob (graphic object):
Directly,
grid."shape"()
Indirectly,
"shape"Grob()
If modify we want a grob to draw by using one the of these functions grobs, we could use the and grid.draw() function. We can modify a grob by using the functions grid.edit() and editGrob().
The function gList() allows us to create a list of grobs. It facilitates the construction of several items in one plotting region together.
The function gTree() creates a tree-structure which can be used to organise the components of more complicated graphic objects. Such a tree-structure contains several grobs nested together. In a tree-structure, a grob can contain other grobs. The "children" argument specifies the components of the gTree. The children component is usually a list, constructed by gList.
By default, the coordinates of the lower left corner of a viewport are (0, 0), and the upper right corner has coordinates 1.
upViewport(2)
The argument in brackets determines the number of generations to move up the viewport tree.
The use of col=NA prevents the outlines from being drawn.
The clip="on" makes it possible to “spill” an graphic object outside the viewport region.
Two ways to interact with a grob (graphic object):
Directly,
grid."shape"()
Indirectly,
"shape"Grob()
If modify we want a grob to draw by using one the of these functions grobs, we could use the and grid.draw() function. We can modify a grob by using the functions grid.edit() and editGrob().
The function gList() allows us to create a list of grobs. It facilitates the construction of several items in one plotting region together.
The function gTree() creates a tree-structure which can be used to organise the components of more complicated graphic objects. Such a tree-structure contains several grobs nested together. In a tree-structure, a grob can contain other grobs. The "children" argument specifies the components of the gTree. The children component is usually a list, constructed by gList.
Tuesday 16 February 2016
The Shebang Line
The Shebang for Rscript is
#!/usr/bin/env Rscript
Full details are available from Howto Make Script More Portable With #!/usr/bin/env As a Shebang
#!/usr/bin/env Rscript
Full details are available from Howto Make Script More Portable With #!/usr/bin/env As a Shebang
Sunday 14 February 2016
Thursday 11 February 2016
R: Environment and Frame
Cited from "R in a Nutshell"
" An environment is is an R object that contains the set of symbols available in a given context, the objects associated with those symbols, and a pointer to a parent environment. The symbols and associated objects are called a frame."
"The parent environment of a function is the environment in which the function was created."
======================================
Cited from How R Searches and Finds Stuff
" An environment is is an R object that contains the set of symbols available in a given context, the objects associated with those symbols, and a pointer to a parent environment. The symbols and associated objects are called a frame."
"The parent environment of a function is the environment in which the function was created."
======================================
Cited from How R Searches and Finds Stuff
R: Rle or RleList Objects
Cited from http://kasperdanielhansen.github.io/genbioconductor/html/GenomicRanges_Rle.html
The Rle (run length encoding) class in R is intended for representation genome-wide sequence coverage.
The Wig and BigWig files are used to store coverage data.
The run-length-encoded representation of a vector, represents the vector as a set of distinct runs with their own value. This class is integrated in the IRanges package. A base class called "rle" implements much less functionality.
runLength(), runValue() and as.numeric() function takes in the "Rle" class object.
RleList represents a list of Rles. It stores a genome wide coverage track where each element of the list is a different chromosome.
======================================
Cited from IRanges and GenomicRanges An introduction
aggregate() allows you to apply functions to the Rle inside an IRanges
aggregate(Rle_object, IRange_object, FUN=func_name)
The Rle (run length encoding) class in R is intended for representation genome-wide sequence coverage.
The Wig and BigWig files are used to store coverage data.
The run-length-encoded representation of a vector, represents the vector as a set of distinct runs with their own value. This class is integrated in the IRanges package. A base class called "rle" implements much less functionality.
runLength(), runValue() and as.numeric() function takes in the "Rle" class object.
RleList represents a list of Rles. It stores a genome wide coverage track where each element of the list is a different chromosome.
======================================
Cited from IRanges and GenomicRanges An introduction
aggregate() allows you to apply functions to the Rle inside an IRanges
aggregate(Rle_object, IRange_object, FUN=func_name)
Wednesday 10 February 2016
How to Check If Folder Is Empty or Have Folder File Use Shell Script?
Cited from
if [ "$(ls -A $DIR 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
# The directory is empty
fi
if [ "$(ls -A $DIR 2> /dev/null)" == "" ];
then
# The directory is empty
fi
Friday 5 February 2016
Thursday 4 February 2016
Wednesday 3 February 2016
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